Unformatted I/O

Unformatted I/O

• Unformatted I/O transfers data in its raw form or binary representation without any conversions.
• Unformatted I/O is the most basic form of I/O and it is simple, efficient and compact.
• To perform unformatted I/O operations c language provides us different functions
• Char I/O Functions
• getchar() stdio.h
• putchar() stdio.h
• getche() conio.h
• getch() conio.h
• putch() conio.h
• String I/O Functions
• gets() stdio.h
• puts() stdio.h

getchar()

• This function will read a single character from the standard input.
• The input is read until the Enter key is pressed, but only the first character in the input will be returned.

putchar()

• It will print a single character on standard output.
• The return value of putchar() is the character which was written to the output.

getch() / getche()

• getch( ) /getche( ) reads a single character from the standard input.
• In getch( ) the input character is not displayed (echoed) on the screen.
• Unlike the getchar( ) function, getch( ) / getche( ) returns when the first character is entered and does not wait for the Enter key to be pressed.

putch()

• It is used to display a char on Console.
• Header file : conio.h

gets( )

• It is used to reads a line from stdin
• It reads a line and stores it into the buffer(block of memory) pointed by the specified buffer address.
• It stops when the newline character is read.

puts( )

• It is used to writes a string to stdout .
• A newline character is appended to the output.